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smogHaze

A hard active directory windows machine

hashtag
Enumeration

  1. This is the nmap result below :-


┌──(krrish㉿krrish)-[~/hackthebox/haze]
└─$ nmapAutomator -H 10.129.232.50 -t All

Running all scans on 10.129.232.50

Host is likely running Windows


---------------------Starting Port Scan-----------------------



PORT     STATE SERVICE
53/tcp   open  domain
88/tcp   open  kerberos-sec
135/tcp  open  msrpc
139/tcp  open  netbios-ssn
389/tcp  open  ldap
445/tcp  open  microsoft-ds
464/tcp  open  kpasswd5
593/tcp  open  http-rpc-epmap
636/tcp  open  ldapssl
3268/tcp open  globalcatLDAP
3269/tcp open  globalcatLDAPssl
5985/tcp open  wsman
8000/tcp open  http-alt
8088/tcp open  radan-http
8089/tcp open  unknown



---------------------Starting Script Scan-----------------------



PORT     STATE SERVICE       VERSION
53/tcp   open  domain        Simple DNS Plus
88/tcp   open  kerberos-sec  Microsoft Windows Kerberos (server time: 2025-12-31 03:08:23Z)
135/tcp  open  msrpc         Microsoft Windows RPC
139/tcp  open  netbios-ssn   Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
389/tcp  open  ldap          Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: haze.htb, Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=dc01.haze.htb
| Subject Alternative Name: othername: 1.3.6.1.4.1.311.25.1:<unsupported>, DNS:dc01.haze.htb
| Not valid before: 2025-03-05T07:12:20
|_Not valid after:  2026-03-05T07:12:20
445/tcp  open  microsoft-ds?
464/tcp  open  kpasswd5?
593/tcp  open  ncacn_http    Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
636/tcp  open  ssl/ldap      Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: haze.htb, Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=dc01.haze.htb
| Subject Alternative Name: othername: 1.3.6.1.4.1.311.25.1:<unsupported>, DNS:dc01.haze.htb
| Not valid before: 2025-03-05T07:12:20
|_Not valid after:  2026-03-05T07:12:20
3268/tcp open  ldap          Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: haze.htb, Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=dc01.haze.htb
| Subject Alternative Name: othername: 1.3.6.1.4.1.311.25.1:<unsupported>, DNS:dc01.haze.htb
| Not valid before: 2025-03-05T07:12:20
|_Not valid after:  2026-03-05T07:12:20
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time
3269/tcp open  ssl/ldap      Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: haze.htb, Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=dc01.haze.htb
| Subject Alternative Name: othername: 1.3.6.1.4.1.311.25.1:<unsupported>, DNS:dc01.haze.htb
| Not valid before: 2025-03-05T07:12:20
|_Not valid after:  2026-03-05T07:12:20
5985/tcp open  http          Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-title: Not Found
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
8000/tcp open  http          Splunkd httpd
|_http-server-header: Splunkd
| http-robots.txt: 1 disallowed entry
|_/
| http-title: Site doesn't have a title (text/html; charset=UTF-8).
|_Requested resource was http://10.129.232.50:8000/en-US/account/login?return_to=%2Fen-US%2F
8088/tcp open  ssl/http      Splunkd httpd
| http-robots.txt: 1 disallowed entry
|_/
|_http-server-header: Splunkd
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=SplunkServerDefaultCert/organizationName=SplunkUser
| Not valid before: 2025-03-05T07:29:08
|_Not valid after:  2028-03-04T07:29:08
|_http-title: 404 Not Found
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time
8089/tcp open  ssl/http      Splunkd httpd
|_http-server-header: Splunkd
|_ssl-date: TLS randomness does not represent time
| http-robots.txt: 1 disallowed entry
|_/
|_http-title: splunkd
| ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=SplunkServerDefaultCert/organizationName=SplunkUser
| Not valid before: 2025-03-05T07:29:08
|_Not valid after:  2028-03-04T07:29:08
Service Info: Host: DC01; OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows

Host script results:
| smb2-time:
|   date: 2025-12-31T03:09:08
|_  start_date: N/A
|_clock-skew: 8h00m07s
| smb2-security-mode:
|   3.1.1:
|_    Message signing enabled and required




---------------------Starting Full Scan------------------------



PORT      STATE SERVICE
53/tcp    open  domain
88/tcp    open  kerberos-sec
135/tcp   open  msrpc
139/tcp   open  netbios-ssn
389/tcp   open  ldap
445/tcp   open  microsoft-ds
464/tcp   open  kpasswd5
593/tcp   open  http-rpc-epmap
636/tcp   open  ldapssl
3268/tcp  open  globalcatLDAP
3269/tcp  open  globalcatLDAPssl
5985/tcp  open  wsman
8000/tcp  open  http-alt
8088/tcp  open  radan-http
8089/tcp  open  unknown
9389/tcp  open  adws
47001/tcp open  winrm
49664/tcp open  unknown
49665/tcp open  unknown
49666/tcp open  unknown
49667/tcp open  unknown
49669/tcp open  unknown
49674/tcp open  unknown
64855/tcp open  unknown
64857/tcp open  unknown
64860/tcp open  unknown
64872/tcp open  unknown
64885/tcp open  unknown
64904/tcp open  unknown

  1. Tried doing guest login in smb with the help of nxc but it didn't work

  1. Then in the nmap result I saw the port 8000 and it had splunk running on this link http://dc01.haze.htb:8000/en-US/account/login?return_to=%2Fen-US%2F

  1. Another thing we see that is port 8089 and so I go onto the website but it does not work in http , so we switch to https , https://haze.htb:8089/ but unfortunately my website is not loading in the browser , so let's try with curl

  • so the splunk version is 9.2.1 , so let's find CVE for that , the reason i switched for cve as I didn't get valid credentials through bruteforcing and default credentials

  • found this CVE-2024-36991 and this was a path traversal vulnerability , can read more about that in this blog

https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/exploiting-path-traversal-in-splunk-cve-2024-36991

https://github.com/bigb0x/CVE-2024-36991arrow-up-right

  • this exploit on github allows us to read the /etc/passwd

  • but these hashes didn't cracked

hashtag
Foothold & user.txt

  1. We need to find some another way to get some creds , so let's start by reading how does authentication works in the splunk where are sensitive files are stored

  • so there is a splunk.secret file that is used to encrypt / decrypt passwords in the .conf (configuration) files . To know more about this refer to sources below they are good to have some knowledge

https://community.splunk.com/t5/Knowledge-Management/What-is-the-splunk-secret-file-and-is-it-possible-to-change-it/m-p/331207#M6092

https://help.splunk.com/en/data-management/splunk-enterprise-admin-manual/9.1/configuration-file-reference/9.1.5-configuration-file-reference/authentication.conf

https://help.splunk.com/en/splunk-enterprise/get-started/install-and-upgrade/9.2/install-splunk-enterprise-on-windows/install-on-windows

  • To get these lets look at the initial payload that is being used to read /etc/passwd which is /en-US/modules/messaging/C:../C:../C:../C:../C:../etc/passwd

  • This was the payload with the curl command to get /etc/passwd

  • Just change the path in the /etc/ , you can get the proper path from the above sources

  1. Now the main task is to crack the hashes and I haven't seen this $7$ hash format , so let's google and try to decrypt that

  • Here we can use this tool splunksecrets to decrypt this , the installation guide is inside the repo

  1. Then we can just enumerate the domain with --rid-brute and --shares

  1. Ok lets go on for more enumeration with the usernames we have

  • with this we can see that user mark.adams has the same password as the paul.taylor

  1. Let's take the bloodhound dump and see what we can get from there & remember to do sudo ntpdate haze.htb , and use mark.adams as user to take dump and below is the reason for that

  1. In bloodhound I saw that mark.adams is a member of GMSA_MANAGERS but nothing after that also mark.adams does not have any Outbound Object Control

  • With the help of bloodyAD I tried to get more onto the writable by the mark.adams and found this

  • This attribute msDS-GroupMSAMembership tells us that if a requestor has permission to retrieve the password for a group MSA and we can write

  • more enumeration on from on that attribute msDS-GroupMSAMembership

  • To update write that to our user we can use the below command & the SID is of the our user mark.adams

  1. When I saw in bloodhound for this user Haze-IT-Backup$ Outbound Object Control there was one and nothing after the group owning so decided to take the bloodhound dump again with the Haze-IT-Backup$ hash

  • To exploit this the commands are below :-

  • So what are we doing is making the user Haze-IT-Backup$ owner of Support_Services group then giving the right to add members (WriteMembers) , then adding Haze-IT-Backup$ to Support_Services group then performing shadowCredentials attack

  1. Let's grab the user.txt from edward.martin

hashtag
For root

  1. In bloodhound we can see that the user edward.martin is a member of BACKUP_REVIEWERS group

  1. Further we can see that there is backup folder in C:\ directory , so let's download that and find something juicy

  1. Investigating the backup I found two things that is splunk.secret and a custom authentication.conf

  • let's use the same tool splunksecrets to decrypt the password

  • The passwords don't work for some reason on any user

  • Trying this password on the splunk website and it worked with username admin : Sp1unkadmin@2k24

  1. Exploring more in the splunk enterprise didn't gave nothing so looked for some reverse shell through it

https://github.com/0xjpuff/reverse_shell_splunk

  • Edit the run.ps1 , delete the run.py and edit the inputs.conf

  • upload the reverse_shell_splunk.spl here and wait for the reverse shell

  1. This way we can get a reverse shell from splunk and now just we have to abuse SeImpersonatePrivilege

  • used sweetpotato.exe to add mark.adams in the Administrators group

  1. Let's get the hashdump and access to administrator shell

  1. Shell of Administator

hashtag
Pwn3d the machine !!

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